Illinois MATSE 280 Introduction to Engineering Materials, Lecture 3 Part 2: Structure of Ceramics

By Duane Douglas Johnson1; Omar N Sobh2

1. Iowa State University (formerly University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign) 2. University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign

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Abstract

Structure of Ceramics

Issues to Address...

Structures of ceramic materials:
How do they differ from that of metals?

  • Define basic terms and give examples of each:
    • Lattice
    • Basis Atoms (Decorations or Motifs)
    • Crystal Structure
    • Unit Cell
    • Coordination Numbers
  • Describe hard-sphere packing and identify cell symmetry

Content

  • Bonding in Ceramics
  • Locating OCTAHEDRAL Interstitial Holes
  • Ionic Crystals
  • Tetrahedral and Octahedral Holes in Close-Packed Crystals
  • Interstitials Sites in FCC
  • Ionic Structures: Filling in the “holes” between Anions
  • Coordination Number and Ionic Radii
  • 3D Geometry: Limiting Cation/Anion Ration
  • Example - Predicting AX structures
  • Example EXAM QUESTIONS
  • Example of AX structures: Sodium Chloride
  • Sodium Chloride Structures Observed as Cubes
  • Example of AX structures: Cesium Chloride
  • Example of AX2: Structure of Calcium Fluoride
  • Note same structures can appear differently
    CaF2 with ratio of 1:2 for charge neutrality
  • Synopsis of Structures Found Filling Holes
  • IONIC BONDS?
  • C60 molecules arrange in a FCC arrangement
  • Example of AmBnXp Structures
  • Calculating DENSITY
  • Example of Silicate Ceramics
  • Crystalline Silica
  • Building Blocks of Silica
  • Sheets of Silica
  • Kaolinite Clay
  • Formation of Common Glasses
  • Silicate Glasses
  • Crystalline and Non-Crystalline Silica
  • Carbon Based
  • Diamond
  • RECALL: hybrid orbitals are responsible
  • Carbon Nanotubes (Multiwall, Metallic)
  • SUMMARY --- Ionic crystals

Cite this work

Researchers should cite this work as follows:

  • Duane Douglas Johnson, Omar N Sobh (2008), "Illinois MATSE 280 Introduction to Engineering Materials, Lecture 3 Part 2: Structure of Ceramics," https://nanohub.org/resources/5467.

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