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On June 30, 1948, AT&T Bell Labs unveiled the transitor to the world, creating a spark of explosive economic growth that would lead into the Information Age. William Shockley led a team of researchers, including Walter Brattain and John Bardeen, who invented the device. Like the existing triode vacuum tube device, the transistor could amplify signals and switch currents on and off, but the transistor was smaller, cheaper, and more efficient. Moreover, it could be integrated with millions of other transistors onto a single chip, creating the integrated circuit at the heart of modern computers.

Today, most transistors are being manufactured with a minimum feature size of 60-90nm--roughly 200-300 atoms. As the push continues to make devices even smaller, researchers must account for quantum mechanical effects in the device behavior. With fewer and fewer atoms, the positions of impurities and other irregularities begin to matter, and device reliability becomes an issue. So rather than shrink existing devices, many researchers are working on entirely new devices, based on carbon nanotubes, spintronics, molecular conduction, and other nanotechnologies.

Learn more about transistors from the many resources on this site, listed below. Use our simulation tools to simulate performance characteristics for your own devices.

All Categories (21-40 of 316)

  1. ECE 606 Lecture 26: The Future of Computational Electronics

    20 Dec 2012 | Online Presentations | Contributor(s): Gerhard Klimeck

    Future Transistors and Single Atom Transistors; New Modeling Tools (NEMO); nanoHUB: Cloud Computing - Software as a Service

    http://nanohub.org/resources/16121

  2. ECE 606 Lecture 21: MOS Electrostatics

    26 Nov 2012 | Online Presentations | Contributor(s): Gerhard Klimeck

    http://nanohub.org/resources/15976

  3. ECE 606 Lecture 22: MOScap Frequence Response/MOSFET I-V Characteristics

    26 Nov 2012 | Online Presentations | Contributor(s): Gerhard Klimeck

    http://nanohub.org/resources/15977

  4. ECE 606 Lecture 23: MOSFET I-V Characteristics/MOSFET Non-Idealities

    26 Nov 2012 | Online Presentations | Contributor(s): Gerhard Klimeck

    http://nanohub.org/resources/15978

  5. ECE 606 Lecture 24: MOSFET Non-Idealities

    26 Nov 2012 | Online Presentations | Contributor(s): Gerhard Klimeck

    http://nanohub.org/resources/15979

  6. ECE 606 Lecture 20: Heterojunction Bipolar Transistor

    17 Nov 2012 | Online Presentations | Contributor(s): Gerhard Klimeck

    http://nanohub.org/resources/15715

  7. ECE 606 Lecture 19: Bipolar Transistors Design

    17 Nov 2012 | Online Presentations | Contributor(s): Gerhard Klimeck

    http://nanohub.org/resources/15714

  8. ECE 606 Lecture 18: Bipolar Transistors a) Introduction b) Design

    05 Nov 2012 | Online Presentations | Contributor(s): Gerhard Klimeck

    http://nanohub.org/resources/15713

  9. Uniform Methodology of Benchmarking Beyond-CMOS Devices

    31 Oct 2012 | Online Presentations | Contributor(s): Dmitri Nikonov

    Multiple logic devices are presently under study within the Nanoelectronic Research Initiative (NRI) to carry the development of integrated circuits beyond the CMOS roadmap. Structure and...

    http://nanohub.org/resources/15674

  10. ECE 606 Lecture 17: Shottky Diode

    29 Oct 2012 | Online Presentations | Contributor(s): Gerhard Klimeck

    http://nanohub.org/resources/15658

  11. ECE 606 Lecture 16: p-n Diode AC Response

    24 Oct 2012 | Online Presentations | Contributor(s): Gerhard Klimeck

    http://nanohub.org/resources/15491

  12. ECE 606 Lecture 15: p-n Diode Characteristics

    17 Oct 2012 | Online Presentations | Contributor(s): Gerhard Klimeck

    http://nanohub.org/resources/15469

  13. ECE 606 Lecture 13 : Solutions of the Continuity Equations - Analytical & Numerical

    12 Oct 2012 | Online Presentations | Contributor(s): Gerhard Klimeck

    http://nanohub.org/resources/15423

  14. ECE 606 Solid State Devices

    10 Oct 2012 | Courses | Contributor(s): Gerhard Klimeck

    http://nanohub.org/resources/15070

  15. ECE 606 Lecture 11: Interface States Recombination/Carrier Transport

    10 Oct 2012 | Online Presentations | Contributor(s): Gerhard Klimeck

    http://nanohub.org/resources/15330

  16. ECE 606 Lecture 12: High Field, Mobility, Hall Effect, Diffusion

    10 Oct 2012 | Online Presentations | Contributor(s): Gerhard Klimeck

    http://nanohub.org/resources/15394

  17. ECE 606 Lecture 14: p-n Junctions

    04 Oct 2012 | Online Presentations | Contributor(s): Gerhard Klimeck

    http://nanohub.org/resources/15445

  18. ECE 606 Lecture 10: Shockley, Reed, Hall and other Recombinations

    30 Sep 2012 | Online Presentations | Contributor(s): Gerhard Klimeck

    http://nanohub.org/resources/15329

  19. ECE 606 Lecture 5: Density of States

    28 Sep 2012 | Online Presentations | Contributor(s): Gerhard Klimeck

    http://nanohub.org/resources/15324

  20. ECE 606 Lecture 6: Bandgap, Mass Measurements and Fermi-Dirac Statistics

    28 Sep 2012 | Online Presentations | Contributor(s): Gerhard Klimeck

    http://nanohub.org/resources/15325