Ripples and Warping of Graphene: A Theoretical Study
08 Jun 2010 | | Contributor(s):: Umesh V. Waghmare
We use first-principles density functional theory based analysis to understand formation of ripples in graphene and related 2-D materials. For an infinite graphene, we show that ripples are linked with a low energy branch of phonons that exhibits quadratic dispersion at long wave-lengths. Many...