Tags: devices

Description

On June 30, 1948, AT&T Bell Labs unveiled the transitor to the world, creating a spark of explosive economic growth that would lead into the Information Age. William Shockley led a team of researchers, including Walter Brattain and John Bardeen, who invented the device. Like the existing triode vacuum tube device, the transistor could amplify signals and switch currents on and off, but the transistor was smaller, cheaper, and more efficient. Moreover, it could be integrated with millions of other transistors onto a single chip, creating the integrated circuit at the heart of modern computers.

Today, most transistors are being manufactured with a minimum feature size of 60-90nm--roughly 200-300 atoms. As the push continues to make devices even smaller, researchers must account for quantum mechanical effects in the device behavior. With fewer and fewer atoms, the positions of impurities and other irregularities begin to matter, and device reliability becomes an issue. So rather than shrink existing devices, many researchers are working on entirely new devices, based on carbon nanotubes, spintronics, molecular conduction, and other nanotechnologies.

Learn more about transistors from the many resources on this site, listed below. Use our simulation tools to simulate performance characteristics for your own devices.

All Categories (321-340 of 360)

  1. Surprises on the nanoscale: Plasmonic waves that travel backward and spin birefringence without magnetic fields

    Online Presentations | 08 Jan 2007 | Contributor(s):: Daniel Neuhauser

    As nanonphotonics and nanoelectronics are pushed down towards the molecular scale, interesting effects emerge. We discuss how birefringence (different propagation of two polarizations) is manifested and could be useful in the future for two systems: coherent plasmonic transport of near-field...

  2. Swaroop Ghosh

    Swaroop Ghosh (SM'13) received the B.E. (Hons.) from IIT, Roorkee and the Ph.D. degree from Purdue University. He is an Assistant Professor at Pennsylvania State University. Earlier, he was with...

    https://nanohub.org/members/2850

  3. Switching Energy in CMOS Logic: How far are we from physical limit?

    Online Presentations | 24 Apr 2006 | Contributor(s):: Saibal Mukhopadhyay

    Aggressive scaling of CMOS devices in technology generation has resulted in exponential growth in device performance, integration density and computing power. However, the power dissipated by a silicon chip is also increasing in every generation and emerging as a major bottleneck to technology...

  4. Taxonomy of spintronics (a zoo of devices)

    Online Presentations | 02 Nov 2006 | Contributor(s):: Dmitri Nikonov, George Bourianoff

    The presentation deals with classification of logic devices based on electron spin as a computational variable. Requirements for logic devices are reviewed. Specifically we focus on a) concatenability (output of one device can drive another) and b) the complete set of Boolean operators (NOT, AND,...

  5. TCAD Revisited, 2007: An Engineer’s Point of View

    Online Presentations | 19 Dec 2007 | Contributor(s):: Constantin Bulucea

    This presentation was one of 13 presentations in the one-day forum, "Excellence in Computer Simulation," which brought together a broad set of experts to reflect on the future of computational science and engineering.

  6. Technique for High Spatial Resolution, Focused Electrical Stimulation for Electrically Excitable Tissue

    Online Presentations | 08 Aug 2006 | Contributor(s):: Matteo Mannino

    Cochlear implant devices have made use of electrode pulses as a method of nerve fiber stimulation since their early conception. Electrode stimulation is limiting in both quality and consistency, and a new method is required if significant improvements to implant devices are to be made. By using a...

  7. The Effect of Physical Geometry on the Frequency Response of Carbon Nanotube Field-Effect Transistors

    Online Presentations | 03 Aug 2007 | Contributor(s):: Dave Lyzenga

    In order for carbon nanotube (CNT) electrical devices to be fabricated, it is necessary to obtain modifiable operation characteristics. Developing parametric equations to achieve this controllability in the vertical field-effect transistor (FET) design is an important first step toward...

  8. The Elusive Spin Transistor

    Online Presentations | 11 Apr 2011 | Contributor(s):: Supriyo Datta

    This presentation is a short introductory tutorial on spin-transistors.

  9. The History of Semiconductor Heterostructures Research: From Early Double Heterostructure Concept to Modern Quantum Dot Structures

    Online Presentations | 21 Jun 2011 | Contributor(s):: Zhores I. Alferov

    It would be very difficult today to imagine solid-state physics without semiconductor heterostructures. Semiconductor heterostructures and especially double heterostructures, including quantum wells, quantum wires and quantum dots, currently comprise the object of investigation of two thirds of...

  10. The Long and Short of Pick-up Stick Transistors: A Promising Technology for Nano- and Macro-Electronics

    Online Presentations | 11 Apr 2006 | Contributor(s):: Muhammad A. Alam

    In recent years, there has been enormous interest in the emerging field of large-area macro-electronics, and fabricating thin-film transistors on flexible substrates. This talk will cover recent work in developing a comprehensive theoretical framework to describe the performance of these "pick-up...

  11. The Nano-MOSFET: A brief introduction

    Online Presentations | 17 Aug 2007 | Contributor(s):: Mark Lundstrom

    MOSFET channel lengths are now well below 100nm, and getting smaller, but MOSFETs are still modeled and understood much as they were 30 years ago. Seminal work in the 1960’s laid the foundation for our understanding of the MOSFET, but traditional approaches are based on concepts that lose...

  12. Theory and Practice of Solar Cells: A Cell to System Perspective (ECE 59500)

    Groups

    https://nanohub.org/groups/ee595solarcell

  13. Thermal Microsystems for On-Chip Thermal Engineering

    Online Presentations | 04 Apr 2006 | Contributor(s):: Suresh V. Garimella

    Electro-thermal co-design at the micro- and nano-scales is critical for achieving desired performance and reliability in microelectronic circuits. Emerging thermal microsystems technologies for this application area are discussed, with specific examples including a novel micromechanical...

  14. Thin Film Technology Applied to the Development of Microelectronic, Photovoltaic and Sensor Devices

    Collections | 23 Dec 2021 | Posted by Mariana Amorim Fraga

    https://nanohub.org/members/58027/collections/research-projects

  15. Three-Dimensional Simulations of Field Effect Sensors for DNA Detection

    Online Presentations | 03 Aug 2006 | Contributor(s):: Eddie Howell, Gerhard Klimeck

    Here, the development of a DNA field-effect transistor (DNAFET) simulator is described. In DNAFETs the gate structure of a silicon on insulator (SOI) field-effect transistor is replaced by a layer of immobilized single-stranded DNA molecules which act as surface probe molecules. When...

  16. Tissue-Level Communication Through Patterning Of Intercellular Ca2+ Wave Dynamics

    Online Presentations | 21 Nov 2016 | Contributor(s):: Jeremiah J. Zartman

    Here we characterize periodic intercellular Ca2+ waves (ICWs) in a model organ system of epithelial growth and patterning—the Drosophila wing imaginal disc. We developed a novel regulated environment for micro-organs (REM-Chip) device that enable a broad range of genetic, chemical and...

  17. Top-Metal/Molecular Monolayer Interactions and Final Device Performance

    Online Presentations | 28 Jul 2005 | Contributor(s):: Curt A Richter

    The top-metal/molecular-monolayer interface is of critical importance in the formation of molecular electronic (ME) devices and test structures. I will discuss two experimental studies of ME devices in which the final device performance can be attributed to top-metal/molecule interactions:...

  18. Towards a Terahertz Solid State Bloch Oscillator

    Online Presentations | 29 Jan 2004 | Contributor(s):: S. James Allen

    The concepts of Bloch oscillation and Zener breakdown are fundamental to electron motion in periodic potentials and were described in the earliest theoretical developments of electron transport in solids. But only in the past 10 years have experiments clearly demonstrated various aspects of Bloch...

  19. Towards Molecular Electronic Circuitry: Selective Deposition of Metals on Patterned ...

    Online Presentations | 28 Jul 2005 | Contributor(s):: Amy Walker

    We have developed a robust method by which to construct complex two- and three- dimensional structures based on controlling interfacial chemistry. This work has important applications in molecular/organic electronics, sensing, and other technologies. Our method is extensible to many different...

  20. Transistors

    Online Presentations | 04 Aug 2004 | Contributor(s):: Mark Lundstrom

    The transistor is the basic element of electronic systems. The integrated circuits inside today's personal computers, cell phones, PDA's, etc., contain hundreds of millions of transistors on a chip of silicon about 2 cm on a side. Each technology generation, engineers shrink the size of...