Superfluids of Light: Bose-Einstein Condensation of Polaritons

By David W. Snoke

Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA

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Abstract

It is possible to engineer the properties of photons in an optical medium to have an effective mass and repulsive interactions, so that they act like a gas of atoms. These "renormalized photons" are called polaritons. In the past ten years, several experiments have demonstrated many of the canonical effects of Bose-Einstein condensation and superfluidity of polaritons. In this talk I will review some of this past work and present recent results, including oscillation of a polariton condensate in a one-dimensional ring trap, and polariton drag, in which electrons directly push photons in a wire.

Sponsored by

Department of Physics and Astronomy General Colloquia

Cite this work

Researchers should cite this work as follows:

  • David W. Snoke (2019), "Superfluids of Light: Bose-Einstein Condensation of Polaritons," https://nanohub.org/resources/29502.

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Time

Location

Physics, Room 203, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN

Tags

  1. Bose-Einstein condensate
  2. nanophotonics
  3. Photons
  4. polaritons
  5. superfluidity
Superfluids of Light: Bose-Einstein Condensation of Polaritons
  • Superfluids of Light: Bose-Einstein Condensation of Polaritons 1. Superfluids of Light: Bose-Ein… 0
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  • Outline 2. Outline 25.625625625625627
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  • 1. Review of Bose-Einstein Condensation 3. 1. Review of Bose-Einstein Con… 36.269602936269607
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  • detailed balance in equilibrium 4. detailed balance in equilibriu… 118.48515181848515
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  • Untitled: Slide 5 5. Untitled: Slide 5 222.75608942275611
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  • approaches e-E/kT when  << E0 6. approaches e-E/kT when  << … 249.48281614948283
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  • Macroscopic occupation of ground state! 7. Macroscopic occupation of grou… 290.65732399065735
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  • Imagine that we can do the following 8. Imagine that we can do the fol… 371.50483817150484
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  • 2. What is a polariton? 9. 2. What is a polariton? 446.47981314647984
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  • 2. What is a polariton? 10. 2. What is a polariton? 548.28161494828169
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  • Polaritons in a Cavity 11. Polaritons in a Cavity 666.26626626626626
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  • Tune Eex(0) to equal Ephot(0): 12. Tune Eex(0) to equal Ephot(0): 762.7961294627961
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  • General condition for quantum effects to be important: 13. General condition for quantum … 1018.5518852185519
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  • Methods of Controlling the Potential Energy 14. Methods of Controlling the Pot… 1155.4888221554888
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  • Using Stress to Shift Exciton Energy: 15. Using Stress to Shift Exciton … 1199.2659325992661
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  • Photon energy shift by cavity wedge 16. Photon energy shift by cavity … 1232.5325325325325
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  • 17. "Exciton cloud" potential 1378.1448114781449
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  • Control of polariton flow by laser-generated barriers 18. Control of polariton flow by l… 1452.852852852853
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  • 3. Review of results with short-lifetime polaritons 19. 3. Review of results with shor… 1484.5178511845179
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  • Spatial profiles of polaritons in a harmonic potential trap 20. Spatial profiles of polaritons… 1547.6476476476478
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  • Angle-resolved photon emission data 21. Angle-resolved photon emission… 1678.3116449783117
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  • Momentum-resolved luminescence spectra 22. Momentum-resolved luminescence… 1719.0190190190192
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  • 23. "Bimodal" momentum distributio… 1779.1124457791125
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  • Kinetic simulations of polariton equilibration 24. Kinetic simulations of polarit… 1816.9836503169838
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  • Numerical steady-state solution for occupation number 25. Numerical steady-state solutio… 1853.7871204537871
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  • 4. New results with long-lifetime polaritons 26. 4. New results with long-lifet… 1929.662996329663
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  • Recall generalized Snell's law 27. Recall generalized Snell's law 1998.4984984984985
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  • Direct resonant injection 28. Direct resonant injection 2023.0563897230566
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  • Time-resolved polariton motion in a potential gradient 29. Time-resolved polariton motion… 2049.5495495495497
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  • Equilibrium distributions of polaritons 30. Equilibrium distributions of p… 2126.0927594260929
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  • Making a ring trap 31. Making a ring trap 2236.7367367367369
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  • Making a ring trap 32. Making a ring trap 2296.7634300967634
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  • 2D spatial image 33. 2D spatial image 2312.6793460126796
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  • spectral narrowing in ring: 34. spectral narrowing in ring: 2337.7711044377711
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  • Energy spectrum of ring condensate 35. Energy spectrum of ring conden… 2350.0166833500166
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  • Michelson interferometer with flip of x-axis 36. Michelson interferometer with … 2353.1865198531864
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  • Interference patterns- fork in interference shows vorticity 37. Interference patterns- fork in… 2376.4431097764432
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  • phase winding 38. phase winding 2500.800800800801
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  • Standard vortex in quantum fluids 39. Standard vortex in quantum flu… 2559.6596596596596
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  • Half vortex of polariton condensate 40. Half vortex of polariton conde… 2590.4571237904574
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  • Polarization profile 41. Polarization profile 2617.6843510176845
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  • Wave function that reproduces our experiment result: 42. Wave function that reproduces … 2628.2949616282949
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  • Condensate motion in etched rings 43. Condensate motion in etched ri… 2695.2619285952619
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  • Time-resolved measurements 44. Time-resolved measurements 2750.1167834501171
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  • Pendulum oscillation period 45. Pendulum oscillation period 2803.2032032032034
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  • Time-averaged, polarization-resolved image 46. Time-averaged, polarization-re… 2827.4274274274276
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  • Streak image 47. Streak image 2853.2532532532532
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  • Solution of quasi 1D Gross-Pitaveskii equation 48. Solution of quasi 1D Gross-Pit… 2867.8345011678348
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  • Conclusions 49. Conclusions 2921.0210210210212
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  • Visit beautiful western Pennsylvania! 50. Visit beautiful western Pennsy… 2982.0153486820154
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